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A foreigner from a third country (i.e. non-EU resident), who plans to work, do business or study in Slovakia may be granted a permit for a temporary residence provided that he/she meets the relevant legal conditions.

A Blue Card is also considered as a temporary residence permit.

Slovak authorities may decide NOT to grant the temporary residence permit, there is no legal entitlement to it. 

A foreigner must always apply for the temporary residence in person, except when the applicant is immobile. The application is usually submitted abroad at a Slovak embassy or consulate. In some cases it is possible to submit the application at the Alien Police Department locally competent according to the applicant's residence in the Slovak Republic. The application may be submitted at an Alien Police Department, if it is stipulated by an international treaty or if the applicant:  

The temporary residence permit allows the foreigner to stay in Slovakia and travel abroad and back during the period for which the permit was granted.

The first temporary residence permit may be granted for the maximum period of two years. In case of a foreign national, who is applying for a temporary residence permit for the purpose of study or he/she is a foreign national with the long-term residence permit in EU/EEA, temporary residence permit can be granted up to five years. The permit is always granted for one specific purpose, which must be documented in the application. The permit may be renewed at the end of its validity for up to 3 further years (up to 5 years in case of foreign national with the long-term residence permit in EU/EEA) if the purpose for which the residence was granted, still applies. If the purpose of residence changes, the foreign national must apply for a new permit.